We use Immunoassay, Emit II Plus and DRI for screening of urine for drugs of abuse. 1. Point of Care: A rapid screening test for the simultaneous, qualitative detection of multiple drugs and drug metabolites in urine. A more specific alternative chemical method must be used in order to obtain confirmed analytical results. The EMIT can test for any combination of the following drugs:- AMP/BRB/BUP/BZO/COC/THC/MTD/mAMP/MDMA/MOP/OPI/OXY/PCP/PPX
2. Instrumentation: We use DRI when testing for Oxycodone and Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG). We use Emit II Plus when screening for all other analytes.
3. Table 1. Screening Analyte Panel
Analyte
Cutoff
Units
Screening Method
Amphetamine
500
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
Barbiturates
200
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
Benzodiazepines
200
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
Buprenorphine
5
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
Cocaine Metabolite
150
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
Ecstacy
500
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG)
500
ng/mL
IA (DRI)
Methadone
300
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
Opiates (morphine and codeine)
300
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
Oxycodone
100
ng/mL
IA (DRI)
Phencyclidine (PCP)
25
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
Propoxyphene (PPX)
300
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
THC (cannabinoids)
50
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
6AM Heroin Metabolite
10
ng/mL
IA (Emit II Plus)
4. Validity testing:
Adulterated specimen: A urine specimen containing a substance that is not a normal constituent of normal physiological concentration.
Dilute specimen: A urine specimen with creatinine value that is lower than expected for human urine.
Creatinine is a normal constituent in urine. Normal human urine creatinine concentrations are at or above 21 mg/dL.
pH of human urine is usually near neutral (pH 7), although some biomedical conditions affect urine pH. HHS set the cutoffs for pH within a range of approximately 4 to 9.